Saturday, June 23, 2012

Rant of the day

It's 7am and I'm standing in a Walmart in Georgia, blinking sleep from my eyes, my hair matted on one side, looking at pills.

Everyone knows how much I hate Walmart, because of their predatory nature, forcing out small businesses and leaving themselves as the only store in town. Which is why I'm standing in a Walmart.

As for the pills, vitamins are extraordinarily expensive in the UK. I have no idea why that is, but as a result I stock up whenever I am in the States. Today I need slo-niacin, alpha lipoic acid, hydrocortisone, and multivitamins. Then I remember I have no money.

I have two US credit cards, one of which I accidentally left in the UK, and the other I've discovered has been cancelled for 'lack of use.' In addition, Wells Fargo started charging for a checking account so, after 20 years with them, I closed that account and moved my money to ING. Except ING sent my debit card to my mother, who has not sent it to me.

I do have some cash but it would be foolish to spend it on my first day in Georgia, so I will have to come back to Walmart next week.

I get back in the car and listen to NPR discussing Obama's new immigration plan, which I think is long overdue. Of course, this being the South, they trot out a long line of white, middle class racists to give 'balance' to the story. That doesn't bother me--it's du rigeur--but what gets me very upset is to find the state of Georgia has long held a policy of preventing children of illegal immigrants from attending the five most prestigious universities in the state, regardless of merit! I want to scream at the radio. They interview a chancellor who is desperately trying to defend the indefensible, claiming that since the schools are part funded by the taxpayer, that is why they need to keep out immigrants. (Um...easy answer to that is to tax the immigrants. Oh, but you can't do that because you made them 'illlegal'...)

Worse, he is trying to find a loophole in the President's new order so they can continue discriminati--I mean, defending the taxpayer. I really don't know what is wrong with people.

Meanwhile, of course, NPR interviewed several Latinos with perfect grade point averages who were denied places at university because of their 'documentation status' and their stories are heartbreaking. These are smart, hard working kids pushed down so that white, middle class, less-qualified students can attend. Go USA.

And you wonder why I live in England. They have a lot of problems and do a lot of stupid things, but denying people an education is not one of them.

Oh wait, the UK just introduced a £9000/year fee, ensuring most minorities and lower class students will be excluded from the university system, while ironically *increasing* the cost on the taxpayer (through financing) of sending white, middle class students to university.

So I'll shut up now.

Tuesday, June 19, 2012

Lake District photos

http://goo.gl/YIhET

I don't know what it is about nature that is so restorative but I have to wonder why, when such beautiful places exist, do we live where we do?

Which, of course, begs the question: Perhaps the places we live used to be just as beautiful...

Monday, June 18, 2012

Ambling in Ambleside

If I told you I came here because of a vegetarian restaurant, you would not be surprised.

If I told you I left with the most profound sense of peace and serenity, you might be.

"Here" is Ambleside, at the north end of Lake Windemere, the largest lake in England, in the middle of the "lake district."  It's easy to see why the area is so wet -- hilly terrain on the western edge of England soaks up moisture blowing off the Atlantic like a sponge. They had some torrential rain just before I arrived, and everywhere I went water was flowing -- down paths, through walls.

I am here because my work requires me to do a presentation at a hospital nearby.  Normally they have me travelling Tuesday through Thursday, so I never get an opportunity to "extend" my travels, but in this case the client requested Monday morning, which meant I had to come up the night before, which meant I came up the day before that.  A weekend in the Lake District for £80 is not bad.

Taking the train through the countryside, I couldn't believe it had taken me four years before returning.  And I say "returning" because I actually was in Ambleside 9 years ago, although then I didn't get off the boat.

It was 2003 when Dawn and I did a 2-week whirlwind tour of England.  We had taken the train but at a connecting junction, I managed to get on the train going the wrong way.  I realised it right away, but it was 20 minutes to the next station, a 2 hour wait for the next train, and another 40 minutes to get back to the Windemere.  By the time we got to the lake, the last ferry of the day was leaving, so we took a round-trip tour and then left.

So it was with a certain sense of accomplishment that I actually get off the boat today, even though I had no idea why I was there or what was to do.  I hadn't done any research, had no itinerary, the only thing I had was a note of the vegetarian restaurant, although I had no idea where I'd heard about it.  So I set off on the 1-mile hike into town to find the restaurant (like most of the restaurants there) did not open until 5:30pm.  The last ferry left at 5:40pm.  Clearly this was not meant to be.

Fortunately, I'd bought some carrot sticks and hummus at the local shop, along with a bottle of water, so I had a reasonably healthy meal.  There was a church spire nearby so I followed that; at the church there was a sign for a park so I followed that; past the park there was a road that followed a stream into the hills, so I followed that.

Now I have to mention I was listening to music, and obviously music has an influence on your mood.  That last time I had a perfect moment was in 2001 or 2002, driving through the Colorado Rockies. I had just purchased the soundtrack to the "Lord of the Rings" movie, and the music was haunting, which really accentuated the raw and rugged nature of the mountains.

Today I was listening to a CD I bought last week in celebration of the Queen's diamond jubilee.  It had a number of patriotic songs such as Jerusalem, Land of Hope and Glory, Rule Britannia, plus songs associated with the monarchy including the national anthem (God Save the Queen) and Zadok the Priest (the coronation anthem).  I didn't actually choose this music, it just happened to be playing on my mp3 player, and the combination of walking through such beautiful countryside and listening to such overwhelming music, and feeling such pride in this adopted country of mine, After all the bad news I've gotten over the past three weeks, it just helped me put everything in perspective, to find what was important, and to release all of the stress I'd been feeling.  It was amazing.

It was also short-lived.  My mp3 player is my phone, as is my sat nav, and the battery died just as I decided to turn around and head back. I didn't bring a map, I had no idea where I was, and every time I came to a fork I was literally scouring the area for clues as to which way I'd come.  Amazingly, I did make it make all right, although looking at a map later I realised I could have taken a much more direct route.

No matter, the ferry was pulling up just as I arrived, so I bought a cup of tea and relaxed for the 35-minute boat ride, know when I got to Bowness I would have to walk 1.5 miles uphill to the train station.

I even lucked out there--the train runs every hour, but I only had to wait 10 minutes. When I got back to Kendal, it was only a 1 mile walk to the hotel, but I had other ideas.

The night before, I had walked through the town center which was all pretty sleepy (on a summer Saturday!)  except for a Chinese takeway that was packed.  I thought to myself, "They must be very good" although in retrospect I should have said, "They must be very good or very cheap."  As I paid £8 for three dishes, I should have known.

They also didn't give me any utensils, so I was using my fingers to munch on fried tofu (or 'beancurd' as they like to call it) as I walked through a park, over a footbridge, down several side streets, and up a footpath to my destination: the ruins of Kendal castle, on top of a hill and overlooking the valley.  There I sat on the grass, enjoying the solitude and the sun that had just started to poke through the clouds, and using my fingers to eat sweet and sour vegetables and rice.  That's when a bus-load of Chinese tourists arrived.  I think they actually approved of the way I was eating.

When finished, I laid back in the grass and closed my eyes.  A moment later I was woken by a small black dog licking the sweet and source sauce off the corners of my lips.  The owner was suitably horrified and came running over, but by this time the dog had discovered the bits of rice that had dropped into my lap, and was now burrowing into my crotch.

As the dog was carried away, I decided to get going as well.  It was trying to leave a different way than I had come, and got lost a couple of times, but finally found the exit and got back on the right road, which took me back to the hotel.  I calculated I had walked 12 miles that day, and could definitely feel it in my thighs.

Tomorrow should be an easy day--someone else is doing the bulk of the presentation; I'm just eye candy--and we should be done by 2pm.  I even brought a DVD to watch on my laptop on the train ride home.

Pictures should be posted on Tuesday, and I definitely won't let another nine years lapse before I return.  In fact, someone recommended a B&B in the area but it's a "self-catering" service that you rent by the week, with a minimum of 2 people.  That is just another incentive to find someone I want to spend time with...


Saturday, June 16, 2012

Sugar highs

So I've talked about the myths of protein and energy, and how your body creates energy, but I've had a very difficult time understanding the relationship between food and energy.  And I just realised that's because I've been asking the wrong question; the right question is, what's the relationship between food and your brain?

I've talked about the sugar cycle -- how your body breaks down food into simple sugars, putting them into your bloodstream with oxygen for the mitochondria to convert to energy (the "krebs cycle") -- but that doesn't explain why you have an "energy boost" when you eat pure sugar.  Anyone can tell you it's because the sugar is easily absorbed into your bloodstream, creating a "sugar high."  Of course, they'd be dead wrong.

They would be correct in that your blood-sugar level will spike, which in turns causes the pancreas to release insulin, which tells cells to absorb the sugar and convert it into glycogen or triglycerides for storage.  (Type I diabetics don't produce the insulin, and Type II diabetics don't respond to insulin; either way it is a problem because sugar molecules are larger than blood capillaries, and so if they aren't removed quickly, the capillaries will burst.)

However, the blood-sugar spike has nothing whatsoever to do with the "energy boost"!!  Your brain, through evolution, has been hard-wired to reward you for eating certain types of foods, notably the ones that have historically been difficult to find in nature: fat, salt, sugar.  So while your body is dealing with a physiological response to sugar, your brain is producing endorphins as a reward for eating it!  Those endorphins give you that "high" but are all too quickly absorbed, which then causes a "crash."  But this only has to do with your mood, and nothing to do with your body's energy level!

If you eat low-GI foods (ie. complex carbohydrates that take longer to break down, and thus don't increase your "glycemic index" level dramatically), you will be doing your body a favor because it won't be having to deal with the sugar spike, and it won't be storing all those sugars.  However, your brain isn't going to reward you for eating those foods -- thus you don't experience the mental highs (and lows), either.

Caffeine (and other stimulants) are another kettle of fish.  Although you may feel your body's physiological response -- increased heart rate, nervous jitters -- you are actually messing with your brain, because caffeine binds to adenosine receptors.  Adenosine is produced when brain cells fire, and it inhibits brain cells from firing--that is, it's part of your body's natural feedback system to keep your brain from become overexcited, and is also part of your sleep cycle. Caffeine blocks the adenosine, allowing your brain cells to continue firing.  However, while caffeine may make you feel sharper and smarter, measurable performance is not greatly improved!  As someone put it, it's not so much putting your foot on the gas as taking your foot off the brake.

For reasons that aren't yet clear to me, the over-stimulated nerve cells then release the hormone epinephrine (adrenaline), which is part of the "stress response" (or fight-or-flight response) which increases heart rate, blood pressure, and blood flow to muscles, decreases blood flow to the skin and organs, and causes the liver to release glucose, all in preparation for the body to use energy in a short outburst. That's fine if you're about to fight somebody (or do a heavy workout), but not so much if you're going to go sit at your desk and make a phone call.  I've been reading lately about Dr. Bruce Ames' "triage" theory of aging -- that is, your body's response to short-term survival is at the expense of long-term health. That makes sense at an evolutionary level, but when we deliberately induce a short-term survival mechanism, 3 or 4 times per day, you really do have to wonder what the long-term health indications are.

So to summarise, unless you are actually starving and have 0% body fat, there is no link between food and your body's energy level.  Your body is wonderfully efficient at maintaining a consistent energy consumption (your metabolic rate), just as it maintains a constant body temperature, only making short-term adjustments to deal with specific threats.  On the other hand, your mind is a mess.  It's a chemical soup of producers and receptors for a host of chemicals, all of which impact the way you feel from one moment to the next. For millennia, it's had to deal with a shortage of food; it hasn't adapted to deal with a surplus.  That's why it encourages you to eat a Big Mac even though you already have plenty of fat stores!

The good news is, it can be trained.  Dr Kessler, who tried to bring cigarettes under the auspices of the FDA, has written a book called, "The End of Overeating."  In it he compares health attitudes towards cigarettes, going from "sexy and glamorous" to now "foul and disgusting," even though nicotine has a similar effect on the brain to caffeine.  He suggests that in the right cultural climate, we can do the same to fast food, thinking of it less as a "reward" and more as something you wouldn't want to do to your body.

Of course, just like cigarettes, this will take time and discipline.  And unlike cigarettes, the long-term results aren't so obvious.  However, it will be a glorious day when Big Macs actually carry cigarette-style warning labels: "Eating this product will make you fat, increase your cholesterol level, cause mood swings, sexual dysfunction,  depression, lethargy, headaches, and heart palpitations."

Friday, June 15, 2012

Remaining Olympics tickets

Can I be bothered with any of these? :-(

Sunday 29 July
09:00-10:40

Archery

Women's Team 1/8 Eliminations

Lord's Cricket
£65.00 - A

18:00-22:00 Table Tennis Women's Singles Third Round
ExCeL £85.00 - A
20:00-23:30 Volleyball Men's Preliminary Round (2 Matches) Earls Court £45/55/65
Monday 30 July
09:00-12:55

Archery


Men's Individual 1/32 Eliminations
Women's Individual 1/32 Eliminations

Lord's Cricket

£65.00 - A
10:30-16:00 Fencing Women's Epee Individual Quarterfinals
ExCeL £65.00 - A
15:00-17:40 Archery
Men's Individual 1/16 Eliminations
Women's Individual 1/16 Eliminations
Lord's Cricket
£65.00 - A
15:30-17:30 Table Tennis Women's Singles Fourth Round
ExCeL £85.00 - A

Tuesday  31 July
09:00-12:55

Archery


Men's Individual 1/16 Eliminations
Women's Individual 1/16 Eliminations

Lord's Cricket

£65.00 - A
15:00-17:40 Archery
Men's Individual 1/16 Eliminations
Women's Individual 1/16 Eliminations
Lord's Cricket
£65.00 - A
Thursday 02 Aug
09:00-10:45

Archery

Women's Individual 1/8 Eliminations

Lord's Cricket

£45/£65

09:00-16:30 Fencing Women's Foil Team Semifinals
ExCeL £65.00 - A

Friday 03 Aug

10:00-13:00

Table Tennis

Women's Team First Round

ExCeL

£85.00 - A





Friday, June 8, 2012

Baking powder

This is kind of interesting...if you've ever mixed baking soda and vinegar, you know it explodes in a frothy mess.  Well, that's essentially what baking powder does, only instead of vinegar it uses "acid salts" which don't react with the baking soda...until you add water.

edited from Wikipedia:

Baking powder is a dry chemical leavening agent used to increase the volume and lighten the texture of baked goods. It works by releasing carbon dioxide gas into a batter or dough, causing bubbles in the wet mixture to expand. It is used instead of yeast where the batter lacks the elastic structure to hold gas bubbles. Breads made by chemical leavening are called "quick breads" because the process is faster than fermentation.

Baking soda is the source of the carbon dioxide; when mixed with acid salts and water it produces a chemical reaction. "Fast-acting" acids (such as cream of tartar and monocalcium phosphate) work at room temperature, while "slow-acting" acids (sodium aluminum sulfate or sodium aluminum phosphate) will not react until heated in an oven. Baking powders that contain both fast- and slow-acting acids are called "double acting" because they providing a second rise in the oven, thus making baking time less critical.

The inert starch (usually cornflour) is primarily used to absorb moisture, and thus keep the alkaline and acidic components from reacting prematurely.

Before baking powder, people mixed baking soda with an acid such as sour milk, vinegar, lemon juice, or cream of tartar, which all reacted quickly so the batter had to be baked quickly before the gas escaped. Alfred Bird, a chemist, invented baking powder because he wanted to make bread for his wife, who was allergic to yeast.  (She was also allergic to eggs, so he made Bird's custard.)

So that was quite interesting, but then made me wonder anew about the underlying chemistry.  My high school chemistry teacher would be quite proud of me, if it weren't for the fact that I was 25 years late in wondering about these things.

In pure water, there is an equal number of hydroxide (OH) and hydronium (H3O) ions, which is 10−7 moles per liter.  The important thing there is the "7" which is why water has a pH ("power of hydrogen") of 7.  If a substance has fewer hydrogen ions (pH < 7) it is an "acid" whereas if it has more (pH > 7) then it is "base."  (Alkaline -- as in batteries -- refers to a set of metals that are naturally base.)  When the two are mixed, a chemical reaction occurs to transfer the excess hydrogen from the acid to the base, which is (for obvious reasons) referred to as "neutralisation."  Depending on the substances, this can be quite a violent reaction.  In the case of baking soda and vinegar, the two end-products are carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O), which is why it bubbles.

Why do you need to know this?  Well, if you keep fish, you have to know that some prefer slightly acidic water, while others prefer slightly alkaline. Or if you want to know why your cake just fell, it might be helpful to understand what's going on at the molecular level.

Or if you read some nonsense about an acid/alkaline theory of disease, if might help you to understand why what they are saying is absurd.  (This article also explains why if you eat excess protein, your body excretes calcium as well, and why cranberries help prevent urinary tract infections.)

(By the way, this line of research started simply because I wanted to confirm that cornflour -- "cornstarch" to you Yanks -- didn't actually contain flour.  It doesn't.)

Tuesday, June 5, 2012

Oops

While I'm out and about, of course I use my phone to capture random thoughts, to do lists, etc.  I often just put these into emails to myself, so I can access them from my laptop.  I also use email to post entries to my blog, because my work doesn't allow me to access the blog site directly.  (Go figure.)  Unfortunately, yesterday the streams crossed* and I posted a really embarrassing entry, a near stream-of-consciousness list I made while waiting for my car tire to be replaced.  I've since removed the post, but if you saw it please purge it from your mind as well.

Thanks.